Kate White, Teresa Carvalho and Sarah Riordan
Our research compares higher education in Australia, South Africa and Portugal, which has to varying degrees moved from a collegial to a managerial model. Its objective is to explore the role of senior managers in consolidating and interpreting new managerialism and perceptions of potential effects on gender.
The reasons for comparing gender, power and managerialism in these three countries are that they offer different historical perspectives of higher education.
Australian and South African universities were traditionally based on the British model and have national Equal Opportunities (EO) legislative frameworks. Australia has had equal opportunity legislation since 1984 and affirmative action in the workplace legislation since 1986, and South Africa introduced EO legislation and policy after the first democratic election in 1994.
While equal treatment of men and women has been guaranteed since 1976 in the Portuguese constitution, and specific legal frameworks have been developed to promote equality in the workplace, there are no affirmative action plans in higher education.
Despite different academic structures, these countries have relatively higher levels of participation of women in senior leadership positions when compared with other developed countries, although the percentage of women at rector-vice-chancellor levels remains low.
Australia has a higher female to male ratio of economic participation and opportunity (participation, remuneration, advancement of women as technical-professional workers and in senior positions) - while Portugal and South Africa are significantly lower. All three countries have similar ratios of females to males in educational attainment, and health and survival. But there is much higher political empowerment (women in parliament) in South Africa than in Australia and Portugal.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0165, 03 April 2011
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Gender. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Gender. Tampilkan semua postingan
29 Maret 2011
Why There Are Not More Women University Leaders
Su-Mei Thompson and Lisa Moore
Over the past half-century, women have made tremendous gains in the workplace all over the world. Hong Kong is a shining example of this. Since 1993, the number of women employed as managers and administrators has increased by 108% and the number of women employed as professionals has increased by 104%. However, despite more women being prevalent in the workplace than ever before, they are still under-represented in decision-making positions across industry sectors and professions. And despite the fact that academia would seem to be a natural profession where women should thrive, the statistics and studies reveal that the leadership potential of women remains untapped in academia as in so many other areas. On the surface, the academic world in Hong Kong is filled with women. Employment rates in universities are nearly equal - 55% men to 45% women. But in fact, this parity applies only in lower ranking positions. At the lowest level, that is supporting academic staff and supporting research staff, the number of men and women is almost level. Among junior academic staff, however, men outnumber women by two-to-one.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0164, 27 March 2011
Over the past half-century, women have made tremendous gains in the workplace all over the world. Hong Kong is a shining example of this. Since 1993, the number of women employed as managers and administrators has increased by 108% and the number of women employed as professionals has increased by 104%. However, despite more women being prevalent in the workplace than ever before, they are still under-represented in decision-making positions across industry sectors and professions. And despite the fact that academia would seem to be a natural profession where women should thrive, the statistics and studies reveal that the leadership potential of women remains untapped in academia as in so many other areas. On the surface, the academic world in Hong Kong is filled with women. Employment rates in universities are nearly equal - 55% men to 45% women. But in fact, this parity applies only in lower ranking positions. At the lowest level, that is supporting academic staff and supporting research staff, the number of men and women is almost level. Among junior academic staff, however, men outnumber women by two-to-one.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0164, 27 March 2011
27 Oktober 2009
Male Decline Continues
Geoff Maslen
For the past 20 years, the Australian higher education student population has been dominated by women who have increased their numerical superiority over males year by year until now they comprise nearly 58% of the total student body. A mere four of the 12 fields of university study now enrol more men than women and that could soon be reduced to two, leaving engineering and IT the only places on campus where males are in the majority.
As is the case across most of the developed world, women have long held top spot in the 'typically female' professions of education and health (where three out of four Australian students are women), food and hospitality, the arts and humanities, and creative arts (where almost two in every three are female).
But for most of this decade, women have also outnumbered their male counterparts who used to occupy most seats in the physical sciences lecture rooms and in agriculture and environmental sciences. Not any longer: in the natural and physical sciences, women comprise 54% of the students and in the other field they make up just over half.
In management and commerce, women are closing the gender divide with almost 49% of enrolments although they lag behind in architecture (40:60%).
Even among postgraduates undertaking higher degrees by research, 54% of the students are women while in the other postgraduate courses they hold a substantial 57% lead over the males.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0098 25 October 2009
For the past 20 years, the Australian higher education student population has been dominated by women who have increased their numerical superiority over males year by year until now they comprise nearly 58% of the total student body. A mere four of the 12 fields of university study now enrol more men than women and that could soon be reduced to two, leaving engineering and IT the only places on campus where males are in the majority.
As is the case across most of the developed world, women have long held top spot in the 'typically female' professions of education and health (where three out of four Australian students are women), food and hospitality, the arts and humanities, and creative arts (where almost two in every three are female).
But for most of this decade, women have also outnumbered their male counterparts who used to occupy most seats in the physical sciences lecture rooms and in agriculture and environmental sciences. Not any longer: in the natural and physical sciences, women comprise 54% of the students and in the other field they make up just over half.
In management and commerce, women are closing the gender divide with almost 49% of enrolments although they lag behind in architecture (40:60%).
Even among postgraduates undertaking higher degrees by research, 54% of the students are women while in the other postgraduate courses they hold a substantial 57% lead over the males.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0098 25 October 2009
School the Cause of Male Minority?
Philip Fine
For the last 10 years, Canadian women have enrolled in university at a greater rate than their male counterparts. That steady climb seems to have abated slightly but their numbers are still so high questions are being asked why so many men are not enrolling.
This summer, Statistics Canada released its latest enrolment figures from the 2007-08 academic year showing a general slowing from past years. The 0.6% increase in total enrolments was down from the past decade's annual average increase of 2.9%. While growth in female enrolments was negligible, with a 0.1% increase, this compared with the 1.3% for males.
But the rise in male enrolment means little on Canadian campuses where women still far outnumber men: the StatsCan figures reveal that of the almost 1.1 million university students, 613,600, or 57.5%, were female and 452,600 or 42.4% were male. The same proportion of women to men has remained constant since 2002-03.
At the graduate level, women made up 55% of master's students but, as in the previous seven years, they are in the minority among doctoral students, at 46%.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0098 25 October 2009
For the last 10 years, Canadian women have enrolled in university at a greater rate than their male counterparts. That steady climb seems to have abated slightly but their numbers are still so high questions are being asked why so many men are not enrolling.
This summer, Statistics Canada released its latest enrolment figures from the 2007-08 academic year showing a general slowing from past years. The 0.6% increase in total enrolments was down from the past decade's annual average increase of 2.9%. While growth in female enrolments was negligible, with a 0.1% increase, this compared with the 1.3% for males.
But the rise in male enrolment means little on Canadian campuses where women still far outnumber men: the StatsCan figures reveal that of the almost 1.1 million university students, 613,600, or 57.5%, were female and 452,600 or 42.4% were male. The same proportion of women to men has remained constant since 2002-03.
At the graduate level, women made up 55% of master's students but, as in the previous seven years, they are in the minority among doctoral students, at 46%.
More on the University World News site
Source: University World News, Issue No: 0098 25 October 2009
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